| 0 | | Feast of Our Lady of Mount Carmel, Patron of Chile, Bolivia, the Spanish Navy, and much else, and that of St. Helier, Martyr, Patron of Jersey in the Channel Islands |
| 622 | | A. H. 1 The Hajj, Mohammed fled from Mecca to Medina, marking the start Islamic Chronology |
| 1054 | | The Great Schism between Western and Eastern Christianity, as leaders of the two branches swap excommunications |
| 1099 | | Crusaders herd the Jews of Jerusalem into a synagogue & set it afire |
| 1212 | | Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa; end of Moslem domination of Spain |
| 1429 | | Joan of Arc leads the French army to victory at Orleans |
| 1683 | | Turkish troops under Kara Mustafa attack Vienna |
| 1705 | | Battle of Cassano d'Adda: The French defeat the Imperialists |
| 1761 | | the 28 year feud between M. La Fenestre and M. d'Agay of the Regiment de Champagne ended -- Learn More (see 'Men of Honor") |
| 1774 | | the Treaty of Kuchuk-Kainardji ended the Seventh Russo-Turkish War (1768-1774) -- Learn More |
| 1779 | | "Mad" Anthony Wayne captured Stony Point, NY, in a predawn bayonet attack -- Learn More |
| 1857 | | Sir Henry Havelock brought reinforcements into Cawnpore, besieged by the Sepoys -- Learn More |
| 1861 | | Skirmish at Millsville/Wentzville, Mo |
| 1861 | | Bull Run Campaign: Gen McDowell advances from Washington toward Fairfax Courthouse |
| 1862 | | David G. Farragut is named the first Rear Admiral in the USN |
| 1894 | | Battle of Kassale: Italians defeat the Sudanese Mahdists |
| 1894 | | African-American miners in Alabama killed by striking whites |
| 1912 | | Rear Adm Bradley Fiske, USN, receives a patent for the airborne torpedo. |
| 1920 | | Brig Gen Amos Fries is appointed first US Chief of Chemical Warfare |
| 1940 | | Hitler ordered preparations for "Operation Sea Lion" -- Learn More |
| 1942 | | French collaborationist police initiate the arrest of c. 20,000 Jews as a favor for the Germans |
| 1944 | | Australian warships shell Japanese near Aitape, New Guinea. |
| 1944 | | With the aid of the Polish Resistance, the Soviets capture Vilna, Lithuania, from the Germans |
| 1945 | | Trinity: the first Atomic Bomb is tested in New Mexico. |
| 1946 | | A US court sentences 46 SS-men to death for the Malmedy massacre; Sen. Joseph McCarthy attempts to secure commutations |
| 1951 | | Abdication of King Leopold III of Belgium (1934-1951) for wartime collaboration, d. 1983 |
| 1957 | | Marine Maj John Glenn sets transcontinental air speed record (03:28:08) |
| 1962 | | NASA civilian test pilot Joseph A Walker takes X-15 to 32,600 m |
| 1969 | | Apollo 11 leaves for the Moon |
| 2006 | | Prince Vittorio Emanuele of Savoy, 69, heir to the throne of Italy, was convicted and jailed on charges of running a gambling and prostitution ring. |
| 1194 | | Chiara Offreduccio, later friend to Francesco di Pietro di Bernardone, who became St. Clare of Assisi, d. 1253 |
| 1715 | | Charles de Rohan, Prince of Soubise, Marshal of France, d. 1787 |
| 1823 | | James Isham Gilbert, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1884. |
| 1829 | | Robert Brown Potter, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1887 |
| 1896 | | Trygve Halvdan Lie, Norwegian politician, first Secretary General of the United Nations (1946-1952), d. 1968 |
| 1921 | | Bernard Rogers, General, U.S., Supreme Commander, NATO, d. 2008 |
| 1921 | | Robert Remini, in the Bronx, later USN, and still later noted biographer of Andrew Jackson, d. 2013 |
| 1557 | | Anne of Cleves, 51, Mrs. Henry VIII No. 4, divorcee, of natural causes |
| 1647 | | Tomasso Aniello "Masaniello" Neapolitan insurgent leader, c. 25, murdered by Spanish agents |
| 1657 | | Isabella de Medici, Princess of Tuscany, murdered by her husband, Paolo Giordano Orsini, the Duke of Bracciano, but her ghost purportedly walks Odescalchi Castle |
| 1691 | | François Michel le Tellier, Marquis de Louvois, Minister of War to Louis XIV, at 50 |
| 1719 | | Meinhardt Schomberg, 78, the Duke of Schomberg and of Leinster, German born Dutch and English general |
| 1764 | | Tsar Ivan VI of Russia (1740-41), murdered at 23 |
| 1777 | | Nicholas Herkimer, c. 50, Brig. Gen., NY Militia, d/w, Oriskany |
| 1922 | | Pasquale Nofi, royal hunting guide, Itri, Italy, at 64 |
| 1960 | | Albert Kesselring, German airman and field marshal, 74 |
| 1989 | | Herbert von Karajan, 81, Hitler's Generalmusikdirektor |